Vertical Distribution of137 Cs in The Lacustrine Areas and Preliminary Results of 7Be Activity in Snow Samples at Terra Nova Bay (ANTARCTICA)

Abstract

¹³⁷ Cs activity in samples from lacustrine areas around the Italian base in Antarctica is reported as an integration of a previous work. Preliminary data of cosmogenic ⁷ Be activity determined in snowfalls, total atmospheric depositions, soil and air particulate collected during the 1990–91 and 1991–92 Italian expeditions in Antarctica is presented. The results obtained point out the efficiency of snow in the processes of air particulate scavenging and provide useful information for the development of research in Antarctica in the study of air/snow transfer processes by means of natural radionuclides.     

雪面上光学湍流的测量与估算

 用合肥35 m铁塔测量系统,测量了2008年1月28 日至2月1日雪面上折射率结构常数,并用bulk方法和涡旋相关法估算了折射率结构常数,给出了大气层结稳定条件下的相似函数。结果表明：实验期间,大部分时间雪面上大气处于近中性和稳定状态;采用该相似函数,bulk方法和涡旋相关法估算的折射率结构常数与实测结果一致性很好;雪面上折射率结构常数也存在一定的日变化,但与草坪、海洋、沙漠等下垫面相比小1~2个量级,变化范围为1.9×10^-16~1×10^-14 m^-2/3。     

雪的热辐射偏振特性定量研究

雪作为衡量全球气候变化有效的信息源之一,其热辐射存在偏振特性,且这一偏振特性会受到多因素的影响。为了定量分析单一因素及其交互作用对雪的热辐射偏振特性的影响,在传统分析的基础上,设计了三因素三水平的正交实验。结果表明,探测角、方位角和波段均对雪的热辐射偏振特性产生影响;探测角对雪的热辐射偏振度产生显著的影响;探测角与其他两因素的交互作用以及波段均对雪的热辐射偏振度产生显著影响;方位角对雪的热辐射偏振度有一定的影响,而它与波段的交互作用不会对雪的热辐射偏振度产生影响。因此,在研究中,既要考虑单因素本身对雪的热辐射偏振特性的影响,还要考虑交互作用的影响。     

Quantification of the inorganic phase of the pelagic aggregates from an iron contaminated lake by means of Raman spectroscopy

A semi-quantitative investigation of the inorganic phase of pelagic, iron-rich aggregates (iron snow, IS) formed in an iron polluted aquatic environment was performed by means of Raman spectroscopy. IS samples were collected from two basins of an acidic lignite mine lake and at two different water depths. Although the water chemistry differed at all four sites with respect to oxygen, pH, and, Fe(II) concentrations, the Raman analyses showed that the main mineral formed was schwertmannite (ideal formula: Fe₈O₈(OH)₆SO₄) with concentrations of more than 88% in all IS samples. To determine potential differences in the microbial communities of the IS samples we used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Microbial communities differed between two basins, but showed similarities between redoxcline and deeper water layers of IS samples from the same basin. Surprisingly, these microbiological differences did not lead to strikingly qualitative similarities in the mineral composition, although the initial step in mineral formation, the oxidation of Fe(II) to Fe(III), is a pure microbial process at low pH. Thus, a semi-quantitative method was necessary to elucidate differences in the consecutive mineralization process which is apparently more controlled by water geochemical conditions.     

Eigenvalue inequalities for the buckling problem of the drifting Laplacian

In this paper, we study the buckling problem of the drifting Laplacian on bounded domains in a complete Riemannian manifold with nonnegative ∞-dimensional Bakry–Émery Ricci curvature. According to the property of the manifold, we obtain a family of trial functions. By making use of these trial functions, we derive a universal inequality of eigenvalues, which is independent of the domains.     

超声提取-高效液相色谱法测定新疆昆仑雪菊中绿原酸的含量

以新疆昆仑雪菊为研究对象,以绿原酸为考察指标,以甲醇浓度、超声功率、超声时间和料液比为考察单因素,应用L9(34)正交试验优化超声提取工艺,并用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定雪菊中绿原酸的含量。最佳提取工艺条件是:80%甲醇溶液,超声时间为60min,超声功率为300 W,料液比为1∶25,在此条件下绿原酸的提取量为9.9810mg/g。采用Agilent TC-C18色谱柱(150×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-0.5%冰乙酸溶液(40∶60,V/V),流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长326nm。结果表明,绿原酸在0.01728~0.1210μg线性关系良好,平均加标回收率为108.16%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.10%(n=5)。     

离子色谱法测定雪样中Na~＋、NH_4~+、K~＋、Mg~（2＋）和Ca~（2＋）离

 Determination of Na￣+, NH,K￣+ , Mg￣(2+) and Ca￣(2+) in snow by ion chromatography is described.A cation-exchange column was employed for separation and a conductivity monitor for detection. Na￣+,NH and K￣+ weredetermined with a solution of 4.00 mmol/L oxalic acid as eluent. Mg￣(2+) and Ca￣(2+) were determined Vvith 0. 50m mol/L oxalic acid +0.25 mmol/L ethylenediamine(pH 4.00)as eluent.The concentrations of the ions in snow were given.     

立方非线性Schr?dinger方程的动力学性质研究及其解模式的漂移

采用辛算法数值求解一维立方非线性Schr?dinger方程，研究了随着非线性参数的变化立方非线性Schr?dinger方程的动力学性质和解的模式的漂移.数值结果表明，随着非线性参数的增加解模式的漂移速度越来越快. 关键词： 动力学性质 相轨线 解模式的漂移 辛算法     

南极冰雪样品中超痕量重金属的分析测定进展

本文全面阐述了南极冰雪样品中重金属分析测定的发展概况和极地样品分析中出现的困难，评述了各种分析方法（包括富集技术、超灵敏的分析技术）的优缺点，并指出其发展方向。引用文献４７篇。     

Determination of trace level of perchlorate in Antarctic snow and ice by ion chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry using an automated sample on-line preconcentration method

A new ion chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry（IC-ESI-MS/MS） method,with automated sampling and on-line preconcentration,has been developed for the determination of perchlorate in Antarctic snow and ice at low part-per-trillion（ng/L） levels.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that an analytical method is used for the determination of perchlorate in Antarctic snow and ice.The IC-ESI-MS/MS instrumentation consisted of an ICS2000 ion chromatography（IC） system coupled to an API3200 electrospray tandem mass spectrometer（ESI-MS/MS）.On-line preconcentration was realized through a six-port injector valve,a TAC-ULP1 concentrator column and an AS auto-sampler.Multiple reaction monitoring（MRM） mode was used to quantify the perchlorate anion.The transition of ³⁵Cl¹⁶O₄^-（m/z 98.9） into ³⁵Cl¹⁶O₃^-（m/z 82.9） was monitored for quantifying the main analyte,and the transition of ³⁷Cl¹⁶O₄^-（m/z 100.9） into ³⁷Cl¹⁶O₃^-（m/z 84.9） was monitored for examining a proper isotopic abundance ratio of ³⁵Cl to ³⁷Cl,which was used as a confirmation tool.The limit of detection（LOD） and limit of quantitation（LOQ） for the method was 0.2 ng/ L and 0.5 ng/L,respectively.And this new method exhibited acceptable accuracy and precision for samples at ng/L levels.All the tested snow and ice samples were found to contain measurable amount of perchlorate,ranging from 10 ng/L to 340 ng/L.